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Having a clear idea of the requirements for a ventilation system helps to make the right choices and to decide on the right design. These may be:
●clean air intake
●maintenance of environmental conditions ( temperature, pressure, humidity, etc.), for either improving comfort and health within working areas or for product protection
●transportation of materials
●extraction of smoke, dust, humidity and/or hazardous products.
The flow diagram shown in Figure 3.42 can assist in determining the most suitable energy efficiency options for a particular situation:

The flow diagram shown in Figure 3.42 can assist in determining the most suitable energy efficiency options for a particular situation:
Interactions and their relative effects, particularly between the fan and the air duct system, can account for a high percentage of the losses in a given circuit. A coherent approach must therefore be used to design a system that meets both functional specifications and optimal energy efficiency requirements.
The following types of ventilation system can be used, see Figure 3.41:
●general ventilation: these systems are used to change the air in large volume working areas. Several types of clean air ventilation systems are possible, depending on the premises to be ventilated, the pollution, and whether or not air conditioning is required. Airflow is a major element influencing energy consumption. The lower the flowrate, the lower the energy consumption
●specific ventilation: these ventilation systems are designed to remove emissions as close as possible to the source. Unlike general ventilation systems, they are directed at localised pollutant emissions. These systems have the advantage of capturing pollutants as soon as they are emitted, using specific intakes, and preventing them from being propagated throughout the work area. They have the following advantages:
○ preventing any contact with their operators
○ avoiding the renewal of all the air in the work area.
In both cases, extracted air may require treatment prior to discharge to the atmosphere (see the CWW BREF).

對於通風系統的需求有清楚觀念有益於系統作用及設計的決定。相關需求有：
●吸入清潔的空氣
●維護環境條件，如溫度、壓力、濕度，以增進工作區的舒適感與健康或保護產品品質
●方便原物料的運送
●去除煙霧、灰塵、濕氣或危害物質
圖3.42的流程圖可以協助決定特別情況時最合適的能效選擇。
各部件的互動和相關效應，特別是風車和風管系統間在一迴路中可能會有很大的損失。所以，必須引用整體性的考量以設計一套符合功能需求規範及最佳效率要求的系統。
如圖3.41引用下列2種系統：
●一般通風系統：用來當作大範圍工作場所的空氣置換。有許多不同種類的空氣清淨通風系統，端視室內通風污染情形及是否要有空調系統等。風量是影響能源使用的主要因素，風量越少能耗越低。
●特殊通風系統：此類通風系統設計主要以靠近排放源將排放物移除。不像一般通風，此系統專為現場污染物移除而設，其好處在於污染物排出時用特製的吸入罩將之捕捉，避免延伸至整體工作區。此系統的優點有：
○避免工作人員碰觸汙染物
○避免將工作區的整體空氣置換
以上兩種系統都必須將所捕捉的空氣在排出至大氣前作必要處理。