Excessive pump maintenance can indicate:
●pumps are cavitating
●badly worn pumps
●pumps that are not suitable for the operation.
●Pumps throttled at a constant head and flow indicate excess capacity. The pressure drop across a control valve represents wasted energy, which is proportional to the pressure drop and flow.
A noisy pump generally indicates cavitation from heavy throttling or excess flow. Noisy control valves or bypass valves usually mean a high pressure drop with a correspondingly high energy loss.
Pump performance and efficiency deteriorates over time. Pump capacity and efficiency are reduced as internal leakage increases due to excessive clearances between worn p ump components: backplate; impeller; throat bushings; rings; sleeve bearings. A monitoring test can detect this condition and help size a smaller impeller, either new, or by machining the initial one, t o achieve a huge reduction in energy. Internal clearances should be restored if performance changes significantly.
Applying coatings to the pump, will reduce friction losses.

泵浦需要過多維修表示：
●泵浦產生空蝕現象
●泵浦嚴重磨損
●泵浦本身不適合這種作業
泵浦以節流的方式到一定水頭高程和一定流量就表示其容量過大。經過節流控制閥降壓就是代表能源浪費，浪費的能源與壓力降和流量降是成正比的。
泵浦有雜音出現，表示過多的節流產生氣蝕或流量超過。有雜音的控制閥或旁通閥通常是有過高的壓力降，相對來說是高能源損失。
泵浦的效率與功效會隨時間而降低。其容量及效率如果因組件間隙過大而有內漏時會降低，這些過大的間隙來自泵浦組件如脊板、轉子葉片、頸部襯套、封環、軸承套間的磨耗。利用監測方法可以偵查這些現象，同時可以協助採用較小的葉片組(更新或就原有的加工)來達到很好的節能效果。如果泵浦的功效明顯改變，其內部間隙必須設法恢復原狀。
將泵浦內部作光滑面塗敷可以減少磨擦損失。

None reported.

無

The applicability of particular measures, and the extent of cost savings depend upon the size and specific nature of the installation and system. Only an assessment of a system and the installation needs can determine which measures provide the correct cost-benefit. This could be done by a qualified pumping system service provider or by qualified in-house engineering staff.
The assessment conclusions will identify the measures that are applicable to a system, and will include an estimate of the savings, the cost of the measure, as well as the payback time.

一些特別的使用方法及節省的成本端視設施和系統的規模與特性而定。只有評鑑過系統及設施才能決定其正確的成本效益。此評鑑可由合格的泵輸系統服務供應商或合格的公司內部工程師來執行。
評鑑結論可用來辨明系統該使用何種方法、估計節省的成本、實施成本及回收年限等資料。

Pumping systems often have a lifespan of 15 to 20 years, so a consideration of lifetime costs against initial (purchase) costs are important.
Pumps are typically purchased as individual components, although they provide a service only when operating as part of the system, so a consideration of the system is important to enable a proper assessment of the cost-benefit.

通常泵浦系統有較長的使用年限(15~20年)，所以全使用年限的成本和初設成本間的考量是很重要的。
一般而言，泵浦都是單獨採購的，雖然在系統內可提供部分功能，但系統在評估成本效益時，泵浦的購置成本應考量在內。

Energy Efficiency (2009) 3.8.4